Computer Fundamental MCQ Set 3

Main memory is classified by volatility: one type is permanent and read-only, the other temporary and read-write.

Unlike a smart terminal, it relies entirely on a host computer for all processing power.

This company, formed from a 1911 merger of several firms, was renamed International Business Machines in 1924.

It converts the entire human-readable source code into instructions the processor can directly execute.

Built at Cambridge in 1949, it was among the earliest practical machines to store both data and instructions in memory.

Each storage unit is 1024 times larger than the one below it, following binary-based scaling.

This design, featuring a 'mill' and 'store', is considered the conceptual ancestor of the modern computer.

His influential 1945 report described storing both instructions and data together in the same memory.

His automated loom from the early 1800s inspired later punched-card systems used for data processing.

Unlike its predecessor, this memory can be erased and reprogrammed using electrical signals rather than UV light.

His algebra of true/false values underlies the AND, OR, and NOT operations used in all digital logic circuits.

Completed in 1945, this room-sized machine used thousands of vacuum tubes and was not limited to one specialized task.

It refers to a small optical disk whose contents can be read but, in its original form, never rewritten.

This tool converts mnemonic instructions directly into the binary opcodes the processor executes.

This category packs far more transistors per chip than its smaller-scale predecessors, enabling modern microprocessors.